Early Exposure to Intermediate-Frequency Magnetic Fields Alters Brain Biomarkers without Histopathological Changes in Adult Mice
نویسندگان
چکیده
Recently we have reported that intermediate-frequency magnetic field (IF-MF) exposure transiently altered the mRNA expression levels of memory function-related genes in the hippocampi of adult male mice. However, the effects of IF-MF exposure during brain development on neurological biomarkers have not yet been clarified. In the present study, we investigated the effect of IF-MF exposure during development on neurological and immunological markers in the mouse hippocampus in 3- and 7-week-old male mice. Pregnant C57BL/6J mice were exposed to IF-MF (21 kHz, 3.8 mT) for one hour per day from organogenesis period day 7 to 17. At adolescence, some IF-MF-exposed mice were further divided into exposure, recovery, and sham-exposure groups. The adolescent-exposure groups were exposed again to IF-MF from postnatal day 27 to 48. The expression of mRNA in the hippocampi was examined using a real-time RT-PCR method, and microglia activation was examined by immunohistochemical analysis. The expression levels of NR1 and NR2B as well as transcription factors (CaMKIV, CREB1), inflammatory mediators (COX2, IL-1 b,TNF-α), and the oxidative stress marker heme-oxygenase (HO)-1 were significantly increased in the IF-MF-exposed mice, compared with the control group, in the 7-week-old mice, but not in the 3-week-old mice. Microglia activation was not different between the control and other groups. This study provides the first evidence that early exposure to IF-MF reversibly affects the NMDA receptor, its related signaling pathways, and inflammatory mediators in the hippocampus of young adult mice; these changes are transient and recover after termination of exposure without histopathological changes.
منابع مشابه
Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on the Male Mice Reproductive System
Purpose: Previous studies have been shown that electromagnetic fields (EMF) can affect on functional activity of the female mice reproductive system. The aim of this study was to evaluated the effect of low frequency of EMF on histopathological changes of young male mice reproductive system. Materials and Methods: Eighteen male balb/c mice (6 week ages) were divided -at random into 3 groups of...
متن کاملEffect of Long-term Exposure to Extremely Low-frequency Electromagnetic Fields on β-amyloid Deposition and Microglia Cells in an Alzheimer Model in Rats
Background: Recently, researchers have considered extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs), as one of the non-invasive therapies, in the treatment of many severe neurological disorders, including Alzheimer Disease (AD). AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the deposition of amyloid plaques in the brain. However, the increase in microglial cells increas...
متن کاملP-105: Prenatal Effects Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency- Electromagnetic Field (ELF-EMF) on Pathology of Testis in Newborn Rats
Background: Human beings are unavoidably exposed to ambient electromagnetic fields (EMF) generated from various electrical devices and from power transmission lines. The effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on the biological functions of living organisms represent an emerging area of interest for human health. One of the critical issues is that EMF may adversely a...
متن کاملBehavioral testing of mice exposed to intermediate frequency magnetic fields indicates mild memory impairment
Human exposure to intermediate frequency magnetic fields (MF) is increasing due to applications like electronic article surveillance systems and induction heating cooking hobs. However, limited data is available on their possible health effects. The present study assessed behavioral and histopathological consequences of exposing mice to 7.5 kHz MF at 12 or 120 μT for 5 weeks. No effects were ob...
متن کاملEvaluating the Changes in Alpha-1 Band Due to Exposure to Magnetic Field
Introduction Increase in alpha band is observed when blood perfusion in frontal area of head decreases. The present study evaluated some changes in the alpha band particularly, alpha-1 of frontal and central areas of the head, when several areas were exposed simultaneously to magnetic field. Materials and Methods Five points of head (F3, F4, Cz, T3, and T4) of twenty healthy male participants w...
متن کامل